Agrégateur de flux

Paolo Bertoli, Diritto europeo dell’arbitrato internazionale, Giuffrè, 2015, ISBN: 9788814208256, pp. 274, Euro 29.

[Dall’introduzione] – L’ordinamento europeo si compone di un insieme di principi e regole funzionali al processo di integrazione giuridica ed economica dei suoi Stati membri. Tali principi e regole limitano e condizionano la potestà legislativa statale e quella delle stesse istituzioni europee, sia impedendo di adottare o mantenere in vigore misure con essi contrastanti, sia incentivando l’adozione di atti funzionali al perseguimento degli obiettivi di integrazione ad essi sottesi. A sua volta, l’integrazione giuridica ed economica europea si fonda sul perseguimento di interessi pubblici e privati strettamente interconnessi […]. Esiste, pertanto, un evidente interesse europeo a un’efficiente disciplina attinente la soluzione delle controversie in materie civile e commerciale. A sua volta, l’arbitrato consiste in un metodo di soluzione delle controversie “attraverso l’intervento di un terzo al quale le parti, nella loro autonomia, rimettono una decisione con effetti per loro vincolanti”. L’arbitrato è un istituto noto in quasi tutti gli ordinanmenti, che – con diversi limiti e in base a differenti concezioni teoriche sottostanti – riconoscono effetti giuridici a un atto di autonon1ia privata diretto a conferire ad arbitri il potere di risolvere una controversia, con effetti vincolanti per le parti. L’arbitrato, in altri tern1ini, è un istituto che trova la propria origine e il proprio carattere giuridico nella circostanza che un dato ordinamento (interno, europeo o internazionale) conferisce tali effetti ad atti di autonomia privata ed è pertanto sempre radicato in almeno un determinato ordinamento. La decisione degli arbitri, a sua volta, produrrà effetti nell’ordinamento in cui l’arbitrato è radicato e dal quale ricava il proprio carattere giuridico in base alle norme proprie a tale ordinamento, e in altri ordinamenti in base a norme uniformi o, in assenza, a quelle interne. […] Dato il crescente utilizzo dell’arbitrato internazionale quale metodo di soluzione delle controversie internazionali in materia civile e commerciale e dato l’interesse europeo alla disciplina di tali controversie, la presente trattazione intende indagare come l’ordinamento europeo regoli o altrimenti condizioni l’arbitrato internazionale.

L’indice del volume è consultabile a questo indirizzo. Per maggiori informazioni sull’opera, si veda qui.

Geert van Calster:

Mutual recognition of same sex-marriage in the UK. Combination of constitutional and conflicts law – a rare treat!

Originally posted on UK Human Rights Blog:

The High Court in Belfast will sit on Monday 9 and 10th November to hear a challenge by a same sex couple now living in Northern Ireland who seek recognition of their English marriage. The current legal dispensation in the Province is that an English same sex marriage is recognised as a civil partnership in Northern Ireland.

The Petition is resisted by the Attorney General and government of Northern Ireland and the (UK) Government Equalities Office (which reports to Nicky Morgan, the Minister for Women and Equalities). It is anticipated that Judgment will be reserved.

View original 557 more words

GSA et SGI / Parlement
Marché publics
Le Tribunal de l’UE rejette un recours relatif à la passation d’un marché public par le Parlement européen portant sur la fourniture de prestations de sécurité incendie, d’assistance aux personnes et de surveillance extérieure sur son site de Bruxelles

(I am grateful to Prof. Francesca Villata – University of Milan – for the following presentation of the latest issue of the RDIPP)

The third issue of 2015 of the Rivista di diritto internazionale privato e processuale (RDIPP, published by CEDAM) was just released. It features one article and two comments.

In his article Reiner Hausmann, Professor at the University of Konstanz, examines general issues of private international law in a European Union perspective addressing, i.a., connecting factors and the questions of characterization and interpretation, in “Le questioni generali nel diritto internazionale privato europeo” (General Issues in European Private International Law; in Italian).

This article tackles general issues in European private international law, and namely issues of connecting factors, characterization and renvoi, to portray, on the one hand, how and in which direction this area of the law has emancipated from the domestic legal systems of the EU Member States and to illustrate, on the other hand, which are the underlying principles that encouraged and made this transformation possible. As far as connecting factors are concerned, the paper shows that the recent development in European private international law – as opposed to the solution in force in many Member States – is characterized by (i) an extension of party autonomy to family and succession law; (ii) a systematic substitution of nationality with habitual residence as the primary objective connecting factor in international family and succession law, and (iii) the promotion of lex fori as objective and subjective connecting factor, in particular in cross-border divorce and succession law. Therefore, the primary objective of the European legislation in the field of private international law is not to identify the closest factual connecting element of a case to the law of a certain country but, rather, to accelerate and improve the legal protection of European citizens and to reduce the costs in cross-border disputes by allowing parties and courts to opt for the lex fori and thus to avoid, to a large extent, the application of foreign law. Moreover, the paper illustrates that while the introduction of renvoi into European private international law by means of Article 34 of the Regulation on cross-border successions appears to be in conflict with the principle of unity of the succession, which is a main pillar of the Regulation itself, the practical importance of renvoi is limited, because renvoi is mainly restricted to cases where the deceased had his last habitual residence in a third State and left property in a Member State. As suggested in the paper, in order to avoid difficult problems of characterization when marriage ends by the death of one of the spouses, it would appear sensible to follow the example of Article 34 of the Succession Regulation in the forthcoming EU regulation on matrimonial property.

In addition to the foregoing, the following comments are also featured:

Arianna Vettorel, Research fellow at the University of Padua, discusses recent developments in international surrogacy in “International Surrogacy Arrangements: Recent Developments and Ongoing Problems” (in English).

This article analyses problems occurring in cross-border surrogacy, with a particular focus on problems associated with the recognition of the civil status of children legally born abroad through this procreative technique. The legal parentage between the child and his or her intended parents is indeed usually not recognized in States that do not permit surrogacy because of public policy considerations. This issue has been recently addressed by the European Court of Human Rights on the basis of Article 8 of the ECHR and in light of the child’s best interests. Following these judgments, however, some questions are still open.

Cinzia Peraro, PhD candidate at the University of Verona, tackles the issues stemming from the kafalah in cross-border settings in “Il riconoscimento degli effetti della kafalah: una questione non ancora risolta” (Recognition of the Effects of the Kafalah: A Live Issue; in Italian).

The issue of recognition in the Italian legal system of kafalah, the instrument used in Islamic countries to take care of abandoned children or children living in poverty, has been addressed by the Italian courts in relation to the right of family reunification and adoption. The aim of this paper is to analyse judgment No 226 of the Juvenile Court of Brescia, which in 2013 rejected a request to adopt a Moroccan child, made by Italian spouses, on the grounds that the Islamic means of protection of children is incompatible with the Italian rules. The judges followed judgment No 21108 of the Italian Supreme Court, issued that same year. However, the ratification of the 1996 Hague Convention on parental responsibility and measures to protect minors, which specifically mentions kafalah as one of the instruments for the  protection of minors, may involve an adjustment of our legislation. A bill submitted to the Italian Parliament in June 2014 was going in this direction, defining kafalah as “custody or legal assistance of a child”. However, in light of the delicate question of compatibility between the Italian legal system and kafalah, the Senate decided to meditate further on how to implement kafalah in Italian law. Therefore, all rules on the implementation of kafalah have been separated from ratification of the Hague Convention and have been included in a new bill.

Indexes and archives of RDIPP since its establishment (1965) are available on the website of the Rivista di diritto internazionale privato e processuale. This issue is available for download on the publisher’s website.

La feuille de motivation annexée à l’arrêt d’une cour d’assises d’appel a suffisamment permis à l’accusé de comprendre le verdict de sa condamnation, respectant ainsi le droit au procès équitable garanti à l’article 6, § 1er, de la Convention européenne des droits de l’homme.

En carrousel matière:  Non Matières OASIS:  Néant

en lire plus

On 25 and 26 February 2016 a conference on the theme “From common rules to best practices in European Civil Procedure” will be held at Erasmus University Rotterdam. The conference is organised jointly by Erasmus School of Law in Rotterdam (Prof. Xandra Kramer, Alina Ontanu and Monique Hazelhorst) and the Max Planck Institute for European, International and Regulatory Procedural Law in Luxembourg (Prof. Burkhard Hess). The conference will bring together experts in the field of civil procedure and private international law from the European Union and beyond. It seeks to facilitate in-depth discussion and sharing of knowledge, practical experiences, and solutions, with the aim of reinforcing mutual trust and contributing to the further development of European civil procedure.

In the past fifteen years a considerable harmonisation of civil procedure has been achieved in the EU with the aim of furthering judicial cooperation. In recent years, the focus has shifted from minimum standards and harmonised rules to the actual implementation, application, and operationalisation of the rule. Important constituents in this discourse are the interaction between European civil procedure and national law, e-Justice judicial, ADR, and best practices in civil procedure. The conference will focus on how to move beyond common rules and towards best practices that give body to mutual trust and judicial cooperation, which can in turn feed the further development of the European civil procedure framework from the bottom up.

The conference will host four panels:
Panel 1: The need for common standards of EU civil procedure and how to identify them: do we need harmonisation to achieve harmonious cooperation?
Panel 2: Procedural innovation and e-justice: how can innovative mechanisms for dispute resolution contribute to cooperation in the field of civil justice?
Panel 3: How can alternative mechanisms for dispute resolution contribute to judicial cooperation and what is needed to ensure effective access and enforcement in cross-border cases?
Panel 4: How can the best practices of legal professionals with judicial cooperation be operationalised to improve mutual trust?

Many distinguished specialists (academics, practitioners and policy makers) have confirmed their participation. All those interested in civil procedure, EU law and judicial cooperation are cordially invited to attend.

The program as well as a link for the registration will be posted on this website soon!

Pourvoi c/ Cour d'appel de Caen, première chambre civile, 31 mars 2015

On 26 November 2015, the Department of Law of the University of Ferrara will host a workshop in English on Collective Redress through the Voluntary Assignment of Obligations – Recent developments in EU Private International Law.

The main speaker will be Sabine Corneloup (Univ. de Bourgogne – Dijon). The discussant will be Antonio Leandro (Univ. of Bari).

Attendance is free, but those wishing to take part in the workshop are kindly asked to write an e-mail to pilworkshops@unife.it.

Further information available here.

An inevitable consequence of the rulings in Google Spain, Weltimmo and Schrems /Facebook /Safe harbour, is whether courts in the EU can or perhaps even must insist on extending EU data protection rules to websites outside of EU domain. The case has led to suggestions of ‘exterritorial reach’ of Google Spain or the ‘global reach’ of the RTBF, coupled with accusations that the EU oversteps its ‘jurisdictional boundaries’. This follows especially the order or at least intention, by the French and other data protection agencies, that Google extend its compliance policy to the .com webdomain.

The Landgericht Köln mid September (the case has only now reached the relevant databases) in my view justifiably withheld enforcement jurisdiction in a libel case only against Google.de for that is the website aimed at the German market. It rejected extension of the removal order vis-à-vis Google.com, in spite of a possibility for German residents to reach Google.com, because that service is not intended for the German speaking area and anyone wanting to reach it, has to do so intentionally.

I have further context to this issue in a paper which is on SSRN and which is being peer reviewed as we speak (I count readers of this blog as peers hence do please forward any comments).

Geert.

Con la sentenza 26 ottobre 2015, n. 21712, la Corte di cassazione ha avuto modo di pronunciarsi sull’obbligo di applicazione della legge straniera «secondo i propri criteri di interpretazione e di applicazione nel tempo» posto dall’art. 15 della legge 31 maggio 1995 n. 218, di riforma del sistema italiano di diritto internazionale privato.

La vertenza che ha dato origine alla decisione prende le mosse dal decreto ingiuntivo con cui nel 2003 il Tribunale di Milano ordinava a B.A. il pagamento di una certa somma di denaro a favore di una società che gestiva un casinò con sede in Francia, avendo il primo ottenuto il corrispettivo di tale somma in fiches sulla base di assegni rimasti insoluti. L’ingiunto si opponeva affermando che, ai sensi dell’art. 1933 del codice civile, la società non poteva esercitare alcuna azione per ottenere il credito derivante dal gioco. L’opposizione veniva accolta.

La società opposta proponeva appello e, in tal sede, il giudice di secondo grado riteneva applicabile non già alla legge italiana ma la legge francese, in base all’art. 4, par. 2, della Convenzione di Roma del 1980 sulla legge applicabile alle obbligazioni contrattuali (applicabile ratione temporis in luogo del sopravvenuto regolamento n. 593/2008).

La Corte d’Appello dava così applicazione all’art. 1965 del codice civile francese, così come interpretato dalla giurisprudenza francese. In particolare, il dato letterale della norma citata prevede, similmente all’art. 1933 del codice civile italiano, che non è concessa azione al creditore per i debiti di gioco. Senonché, sul punto, la Cour de cassation, con sentenza 4 marzo 1980, ha precisato che tale norma non trova applicazione se la tenuta del casinò è autorizzata dalla legge e regolamentata da pubblici poteri. Da tale orientamento derivava il potere del casinò di agire per ottenere il soddisfacimento del proprio credito. Conseguentemente il giudice d’appello riformava la sentenza a favore della società amministratrice del casinò.

Il B.A. ricorreva quindi per cassazione lamentando la violazione dell’art. 15 della legge n. 218/1995, in quanto la Corte d’Appello avrebbe applicato l’art. 1965 del code civil in base ad un orientamento che, ancorché effettivamente affermatosi, non trova applicazione qualora il credito vantato non derivi direttamente dall’attività di gioco bensì, come nel caso di specie, da un mutuo erogato al fine di consentire il gioco.

Nella sentenza la Suprema Corte prende inizialmente posizione sulla corretta applicazione dell’art. 4, par. 2 della Convenzione di Roma. Precisa la Corte che, non sussistendo tra le parti un accordo sulla legge applicabile, questa deve essere individuata nella legge del Paese di residenza dell’obbligato alla prestazione caratteristica del contratto, in questo caso consistente nella “dazione delle fiches“.

Continua il Giudice di legittimità argomentando l’ammissibilità del motivo di impugnazione esperito, poiché la violazione di legge può riguardare tanto la legge italiana quanto la legge straniera regolatrice del rapporto, come in passato affermato (cfr. Cass. n. 8630/2005). Prosegue la motivazione ribadendo che “il dovere del giudice di ricercare le fonti del diritto deve intendersi posto anche con riferimento alle norme giuridiche dell’ordinamento straniero, ma non implica l’obbligo di acquisire fonti giurisprudenziali”.

Rilevata l’effettiva presenza dell’orientamento giurisprudenziale richiamato dal giudice dell’appello, la Suprema Corte considera un successivo orientamento giurisprudenziale consolidatosi in Francia per il quale, pur essendo il credito del casinò azionabile se questo esercita la propria attività autorizzato dalla legge, il principio richiamato non si «attagli al caso in cui il debito in questione “se rapporte à des prêts consentis par le casino por alimenter le jeu” (si riferisca a prestiti concessi dal casinò per alimentare il gioco)“. La Corte corrobora le proprie osservazioni citando numerose sentenze della stessa Suprema Corte francese.

La Corte di cassazione conclude quindi con l’accoglimento del ricorso per violazione dell’art. 15 della legge n. 218/1995, non avendo la Corte d’Appello individuato i corretti criteri ermeneutici da impiegare nell’applicazione della legge francese.

It has not yet been noted on this blog that the European Parliament, on 7 October 2015, adopted at first reading a legislative resolution on the proposal for a regulation amending Regulation (EC) No 861/2007 establishing a European Small Claims Procedure and Regulation (EC) No 1896/2006 creating a European order for payment procedure. The resolution as well as the position of the European Parliament can be downloaded here.

Further information is available here.

Thanks to Edina Márton for the tip-off.

Il 9 e 10 novembre 2015 l’Università di Milano Bicocca ospita un convegno dal titolo 1975-2015 – La famiglia e il diritto: 40 anni di trasformazioni.

L’evento si articola in quattro sessioni, dedicate rispettivamente a L’idea di famiglia nel tempo, Centralità e unitarietà dello status di figlio, Il matrimonio e le unioni civili e La famiglia e lo Stato.

La seconda sessione, in particolare, presieduta da Costanza Honorati, propone alcune relazioni di sicuro interesse per i cultori del diritto internazionale privato, affidate a Cristina Campiglio (Univ. Pavia), che parlerà de La filiazione alla luce della CEDU, e a Maria Caterina Baruffi (Univ. Verona), che interverrà su Legislazioni straniere e riconoscimento dello status di figlio nato all’estero.

Ulteriori informazioni a questo indirizzo.

Travail réglementation, contrôle de l'application de la législation

Travail réglementation, contrôle de l'application de la législation

Union européenne

Cinzia Peraro, Il riconoscimento degli effetti della kafalah: una questione non ancora risolta, in Rivista di diritto internazionale privato e processuale, 2015, pp. 541-566.

[Abstract] – The issue of recognition in the Italian legal system of kafalah, the instrument used in Islamic countries to take care of abandoned children or children living in poverty, has been addressed by the Italian courts in relation to the right of family reunification and adoption. The aim of this paper is to analyse judgment No 226 of the Juvenile Court of Brescia, which in 2013 rejected a request to adopt a Moroccan child, made by Italian spouses, on the grounds that the Islamic means of protection of children is incompatible with the Italian rules. The judges followed judgment No 21108 of the Italian Supreme Court, issued that same year. However, the ratification of the 1996 Hague Convention on parental responsibility and measures to protect minors, which specifically mentions kafalah as one of the instruments for the protection of minors, may involve an adjustment of our legislation. A bill submitted to the Italian Parliament in June 2014 was going in this direction, defining kafalah as «custody or legal assistance of a child». However, in light of the delicate question of compatibility between the Italian legal system and kafalah, the Senate decided to meditate further on how to implement kafalah in Italian law. Therefore, all rules on the implementation of kafalah have been separated from ratification of the Hague Convention and have been included in a new bill.