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Travail réglementation, rémunération - salaire

Le titulaire d’une marque de l’Union européenne peut, pendant cinq ans, agir contre un concurrent qui fait usage d’un signe identique entraînant un risque de confusion sans avoir à démontrer l’usage sérieux de sa marque.

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Pourvoi c/ Cour d'appel de Fort de France, chambre civile, arrêt d 19 avril 2016

The issue under consideration in Citysprint was whether claimant, Ms Dewhurst, a cycle courier, was an employee of Citysprint or rather, as defendant would have it, a self-employed contractor. I am not a labour lawyer but I do have an interest in the ‘gig economy’, peer to peer etc. [Note Google defines (or conjures up a definition of) the gig economy as a labour market characterized by the prevalence of short-term contracts or freelance work as opposed to permanent jobs].

I also have an interest in language and the law. After an employment tribunal in Uber blasted the company’s use of byzantine language, in Citysprint, too, (in particular at 64 ff) the tribunal looks beyond the fog of legalese to qualify the contract for what it really is. A great development.

Geert.

 

 

Une ordonnance du 22 décembre 2016 modernise le cadre juridique de la gestion des droits d’auteurs et des droits voisins et l’adapte au marché de la musique en ligne. Elle transpose, avec un peu de retard, la directive européenne 2014/26/UE du 26 février 2014.

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L’ingérence dans le droit au respect des biens que constitue l’obligation d’acquitter les cotisations d’organisations interprofessionnelles reconnues résultant d’accords étendus, selon une procédure organisée par des dispositions du code rural et de la pêche maritime satisfait au principe de légalité tel qu’il procède de l’article 1er du Protocole n° 1 à la Convention européenne des droits de l’homme, et la justification de l’intérêt général poursuivi s’applique y compris lorsqu’il s’agit du droit qu’ont les États de mettre en vigueur les lois qu’ils jugent nécessaires pour assurer le paiement des impôts ou d’autres contributions.

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DOOR PHILIPPE NYS. “Wie willen we de volgende keer uitnodigen? Angela Merkel misschien, via een eredoctoraat van de KU Leuven?” Het was een lachende opmerking, net na de Ekonomikalezing van Guy Ver…

Source: Oog in oog met Angela Merkel, leider van de vrije wereld

Protection des consommateurs - Bail d'habitation

indemnisation des victimes d'infraction

Officiers publics ou ministériels - Notaire - émoluments

Non lieu à renvoi

Non lieu à renvoi

Hooley [Hooley v The Victoria Jute Company Ltd and others [2016] CSOH 14] has been sitting in my in-box for a few months. It concerns the liquidation (particularly: selling of companies’ assets by liquidators under Scots law) of companies incorporated in Scotland but with COMI (centre of main interests) outside the EU. In particular, India.

Given the presence of COMI outside the EU, the Insolvency Regulation does not apply. Indeed the Court of Session (Lord Tyre) does not refer to it at all.Findings would have been very different were the Regulation to apply: place of incorporation has to give way to COMI, where these two do not coincide, in which circumstance the place of incorporation at best may open secondary proceedings.

At issue was among others (and for the first time in a Scots court, I understand) the consideration of ‘modified universalism’: ie what is the practical impact of there being a company incorporated in Scotland, given Scots courts and administrators jurisdiction over the insolvencies, when the companies’ business is mainly carried out abroad and when proceedings are also pending abroad.

Per Rubin v Eurofinance, Universalism” means the “administration of multinational insolvencies by a leading court applying a single bankruptcy law.”  The principle of modified universalism was stated by Lord Sumption in Singularis Holdings Ltd v Pricewaterhouse Coopers [2015] AC 1675 (PC) at para 15 as being that “the court has a common law power to assist foreign winding up proceedings so far as it properly can” (see also Lord Collins at paragraph 33 and Lord Clarke of Stone‑cum‑Ebony at paragraph 112).

Essentially Lord Tyre had to decide whether the Scottish administrators’ powers were only exercisable to the extent that their exercise was recognised as legally valid by the law of the relevant non-UK jurisdiction. He held (at 36) that the proceedings taking place in India were ancillary to the administration proceedings in Scotland. The powers of a validly appointed administrator to a Scottish company were therefore not limited by the Indian winding up.

As often of course this judgment is but one side of the coin. Indian courts are at liberty to disregard the Scots findings. Any purchasers of Hooley assets therefore will have a compromised title. One assumes this has an impact on price.

Geert.

(Handbook of) EU private international law, 2nd ed. 2016, Chapter 5, Heading 5.1, Heading 5.5.

Reinhard Bork, Principles of Cross-Border Insolvency Law, Intersentia, 2017, ISBN 9781780684307, 290 pp., EUR 94.

The thesis of this book is that cross-border insolvency rules of all kinds (e.g. European Insolvency Regulation, UNCITRAL Model Law, ALI Principles for the NAFTA States, national laws such as Chapter 15 US Bankruptcy Code or Sch. 1 Cross-Border Insolvency Regulation 2006) are founded on, and can be traced back to, basic values and that they aim to pursue and enforce such standards. Furthermore, several principles can be identified, distinguished and sorted into three groups: conflict of laws principles (e.g. unity, universality, equality, mutual trust, cooperation and communication, subsidiarity, proportionality), procedural principles (e.g. efficiency, transparency, predictability, procedural justice, priority) and substantive principles (e.g. equal treatment of creditors, optimal realisation of the debtor’s assets, debtor protection, protection of trust (for secured creditors or contractual partners), social protection (for employees or tenants)). Using the principle-oriented approach, the book will have a significant impact for both deciding cases and shaping cross-border insolvency law. It offers both legislators and courts new substantive and methodological support in making decisions, for example where the treatment of secured creditors, support for foreign insolvency practitioners or even harmonisation of cross-border insolvency laws is at stake.

 

Timab Industries et CFPR / Commission
Concurrence
La Cour confirme l’amende de près de 60 millions d’euros infligée au groupe Roullier dans le cadre de l’entente sur les phosphates

Publié au JOUE du 23 décembre 2016, le nouveau code de conduite des membres et des anciens membres de la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne avait été adopté conjointement par la Cour de justice et le Tribunal. Entré en vigueur le 1er janvier 2017, il abroge et remplace le code de conduite adopté en 2007.

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