Flux européens

Austrian Airlines
Transport
Le simple déroutement d’un vol vers un aéroport proche n’ouvre pas droit à une indemnisation forfaitaire

Chanel / EUIPO - Huawei Technologies (Représentation d'un cercle contenant deux courbes entrelacées)
Propriété intellectuelle et industrielle
Le Tribunal rejette le recours de Chanel contre l’enregistrement d’une marque de Huawei au motif que les marques figuratives en cause ne sont pas similaires

The HCCH Permanent Bureau has released today the Legal Guide to Uniform Instruments in the Area of International Commercial Contracts, with a Focus on Sales, a joint publication of the Secretariats of UNCITRAL, UNIDROIT and the HCCH.

It “offers an overview of the principal legislative texts prepared by each organisation, such as the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods, the HCCH Principles on Choice of Law in International Commercial Contracts and the UNIDROIT Principles on International Commercial Contracts”.

It is attached to this post.

legal-guide-uniform-instruments-international-commercial-contractsDownload

Source: https://www.hcch.net/en/news-archive/details/?varevent=796

The Grand Chamber of the CJEU delivered today its judgment in case C‑896/19 (Repubblika v Il-Prim Ministru, intervening party: WY) on the Rule of Law. This important decision is available in all official languages of the European Union (except Irish) as well as in English. Here is the operative part:

“1. The second subparagraph of Article 19(1) TEU must be interpreted as meaning that it may be applied in a case in which a national court is seised of an action provided for by national law and seeking a ruling on the conformity with EU law of national provisions governing the procedure for the appointment of members of the judiciary of the Member State to which that court belongs. Article 47 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union must be duly taken into consideration for the purposes of interpreting that provision.

2. The second subparagraph of Article 19(1) TEU must be interpreted as not precluding national provisions which confer on the Prime Minister of the Member State concerned a decisive power in the process for appointing members of the judiciary, while providing for the involvement, in that process, of an independent body responsible for, inter alia, assessing candidates for judicial office and giving an opinion to that Prime Minister”.

Source: https://curia.europa.eu/juris/document/document.jsf?text=&docid=240084&pageIndex=0&doclang=EN&mode=req&dir=&occ=first&part=1&cid=4269763

Repubblika
DFON
Les dispositions nationales d’un État membre qui confèrent au Premier ministre un pouvoir décisif dans la nomination des juges, tout en prévoyant l’intervention d’un organe indépendant chargé d’évaluer les candidats et de fournir un avis, ne sont pas contraires au droit de l’Union

The Court of Justice delivered today its judgment in Case C‑729/19 (TKF v Department of Justice for Northern Ireland), which is about the Maintenance Regulation:

“1. Article 75(2)(a) of Council Regulation (EC) No 4/2009 of 18 December 2008 on jurisdiction, applicable law, recognition and enforcement of decisions and cooperation in matters relating to maintenance obligations must be interpreted as applying only to decisions given by national courts in States which were already members of the European Union on the date of adoption of those decisions.

2. Regulation No 4/2009 must be interpreted as meaning that no provision of that regulation enables decisions in matters relating to maintenance obligations, given in a State before its accession to the European Union and before the date of application of that regulation, to be recognised and enforced, after that State’s accession to the European Union, in another Member State”.

Source: https://curia.europa.eu/juris/document/document.jsf?text=&docid=239895&pageIndex=0&doclang=EN&mode=req&dir=&occ=first&part=1&cid=8777055

Advocate General Tanchev delivered today his opinion in case C‑508/19 (M.F. v J.M., joined parties: Prokurator Generalny, Rzecznik Praw Obywatelskich), which is about the Rule of Law:

“The right to a tribunal established by law, affirmed by the second subparagraph of Article 19(1) TEU in the light of Article 47 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, must be interpreted in the sense that, in circumstances such as those of the main proceedings, a person appointed to the position of judge of the Sąd Najwyższy (Supreme Court), Disciplinary Chamber, does not comply with that requirement if his act of appointment was delivered in flagrant breach of national rules governing the procedure for the appointment of judges of the Supreme Court, which is a matter for the referring court to establish. In the context of that assessment, the referring court must appraise the manifest and intentional character as well as the gravity of the breaches in question.

The second subparagraph of Article 19(1) TEU in the light of Article 47 of the Charter must be interpreted as meaning that a court chamber does not constitute an independent and impartial tribunal, within the meaning of those provisions, when the objective conditions in which it was created, its characteristics as well as the manner of appointment of its members are capable of giving rise to legitimate doubts, in the minds of subjects of the law, as to the imperviousness of that chamber to external factors, and, in particular, to the direct or indirect influence of the legislature and the executive, and as to its neutrality with respect to the interests before it and, thus, whether they may lead to that chamber not being seen to be independent or impartial with the consequence of prejudicing the trust which justice in a democratic society must inspire in subjects of the law. It is for the referring court to determine, in the light of all the relevant factors established before it, whether that applies to a court such as the Disciplinary Chamber of the Sąd Najwyższy (Supreme Court).

In such a situation, the principle of the primacy of EU law must be interpreted as requiring the referring court to disapply national law provisions which reserve jurisdiction to rule on actions, such as the one in the main proceedings, to such a chamber, so that those actions may be examined by a court which fulfils the requirements of independence and impartiality referred to above and which would have jurisdiction were it not for those provisions”.

Source: https://curia.europa.eu/juris/document/document.jsf?text=&docid=239898&pageIndex=0&doclang=fr&mode=req&dir=&occ=first&part=1&cid=3157544

Thank you indeed Gilles Cuniberti for flagging and discussing the end of March decision (Press Release only) by the Paris Court of First Instance in which it held that an action against an arbitrator for damages following his failure to disclose a conflict of interests, which led to the annulment of the award, fell within Brussels Ia despite its arbitration exception.

I have more sympathy for the decision than Gilles. At the very least I am not surprised national courts should be confused about the demarcation. Brussels Ia inserted the Smorgasbord of confusion following West Tankers, by collating an even prima facie conflicting array of ins and outs in its recital 12. Even before the entry into force of Brussels Ia, Cooke J in Toyota v Prolat held that recital 12 is of no use. Other than in fairly straightforward cases such as Premier Cruises v DLA Piper Russia, good argument might exist on many conceivable cases.

Deciding the demarcation with help from the New York Convention itself (one might have suggested that what is included in New York, should not be included in Brussels Ia) does not help in the case at issue for as ia Tadas Varapnickas notes, Uncitral and New York are silent on the status of the arbitrator.

Assuming BIa applies, there must be little doubt there is a contractual relation, even between the arbitrator and the party who did not appoint her or him, in the BIa Article 7(1) sense, following CJEU flightright.

Curial seat was Paris, yet hearings and deliberations had taken place in Germany. Forum contractus as a provision of services was held to have been Germany.

This is where Burkhard Hess, at the request of Gilles, took over: Burkhard further discusses the findings on arbitration, agrees with Germany as the forum contractus per ia CJEU Wood Floor Solutions, and suggests (see similarly Mann J in Philips v TCL) the German courts are bound by the Paris’ court’s findings per CJEU Gothaer.

Much relevant. I do not know whether appeal is being sought.

Geert.

EU Private International Law, 3rd ed. 2021, Heading 2.2.3.4, para 2.110 ff.;

Consorzio Italian Management e Catania Multiservizi et Catania Multiservizi
DFON
Selon l’avocat général Michal Bobek, la Cour devrait revoir sa jurisprudence (les critères Cilfit) sur l’obligation de renvoi préjudiciel qui incombe aux juridictions nationales statuant en dernier ressort

FBF
Droit institutionnel
Selon l’avocat général Bobek, la Cour devrait déclarer invalides les orientations sur les modalités de gouvernance et de surveillance des produits bancaires de détail de l’Autorité bancaire européenne

Sumal
Concurrence
Pour l’avocat général Pitruzzella, un juge national peut condamner une filiale à réparer les dommages provoqués par le comportement anticoncurrentiel de sa société mère, seule destinataire de l’amende infligée par la Commission

Stolichna obshtina, rayon "Pancharevo"
Citoyenneté européenne
S’agissant de la reconnaissance dans l’Union de la filiation d’un enfant d’un couple marié du même sexe, l’avocate générale Kokott préconise de trouver un équilibre entre l’identité nationale des États membres et le droit à la libre circulation de l’enfant et de ses parents

IS (Illégalité de l’ordonnance de renvoi)
Espace de liberté, sécurité et justice
Selon l’avocat général Pikamäe, sur la base de la primauté du droit de l’Union, un juge national doit écarter toute législation ou pratique juridictionnelle nationale qui porte atteinte à sa faculté d‘interroger la Cour de justice

Pays-Bas / Conseil et Parlement
Agriculture
La Cour de justice rejette le recours introduit par les Pays-Bas contre l’interdiction de la pêche au moyen de navires utilisant le courant électrique impulsionnel

Olympiako Athlitiko Kentro Athinon
SOPO
Travailleurs du secteur public placés, dans certaines conditions, sous le régime de la réserve de main-d’œuvre : la réglementation grecque n’est pas contraire au droit de l’Union

W. Ż. (Chambre de contrôle extraordinaire et des affaires publiques de la Cour suprême - nomination)
Principes du droit communautaire
Selon l’avocat général Tanchev : deux chambres nouvellement créées de la Cour suprême polonaise pourraient ne pas satisfaire aux exigences du droit de l’Union, les juges en cause ayant été nommés à ces postes en violation flagrante des lois nationales applicables aux nominations de juges à cette juridiction

Administration de l'Enregistrement, des Domaines et de la TVA
Fiscalité TVA
L’activité de protection des personnes majeures légalement incapables effectuée par un avocat constitue, en principe, une activité économique

Eutelsat
Rapprochement des législations
Service de connexion Internet à bord des avions : un système mobile par satellite qui repose principalement, en termes de capacité des données transmises, sur des éléments terrestres complémentaires installés de façon à couvrir l’ensemble du territoire de l’Union n’est pas nécessairement incompatible avec le cadre réglementaire européen

Aldricus – Kehamilan sehat diikuti karena ada sepakan bayi yang makin kerap dan kuat. Supaya ibu hamil sehat, Anda dianjurkan untuk konsumsi vitamin prenatal sampai jauhi depresi.

Kehamilan sehat pasti harus dijaga untuk keselamatan ibu dan buah kesayangan. Jika ibu hamil alami keluh kesah kesehatan atau menderita penyakit tertentu, ini akan memberikan ancaman jiwa untuk ke-2 nya. Buah kesayangan bahkan juga dapat terjangkit penyakit dari ibunya. Untuk jaga ibu hamil sehat dan bayi yang dikandungnya, lakukan gaya hidup sehat sebagai jawaban yang akurat. Dengan mengaplikasikan gaya hidup sehat dalam beragam faktor kehidupan, ibu hamil bisa melahirkan bayi yang sehat.

Tidak menstruasi adalah pertanda kehamilan. Tetapi, untuk memperoleh jawaban yang lebih tepat, Anda dapat memakai testpack. Umur kehamilan sebetulnya dihitung dari hari awal haid paling akhir (HPHT).Untuk ketahui kehamilan sehat, ada pertanda yang seharusnya Anda perhatikan, yakni:

1. Mual dan muntah

Kehamilan sehat biasanya diikuti dengan rasa muntah dan mual atau morning sickness pada awal kehamilan. Menurut penelitian terbitan BMJ Clinical Evidence, pertanda ibu hamil sehat ini karena ada kenaikan hormon kehamilan, yakni human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG).

2. Bau dan aroma terasa lebih menyengat

Walau kedengar lucu, ini sebagai pertanda kehamilan sehat. Ini ternyata banyak dirasakan ibu hamil. Bisa dibuktikan, indra penciuman juga jadi lebih peka pada trimester pertama kehamilan. Ciri-ciri ibu hamil sehat ini sanggup memacu morning sickness.

3. Sering terasa ingin buang air kecil

Ibu hamil sehat diikuti dengan rasa ingin buang air kecil terus-terusan. Ini karena ada kenaikan volume darah saat hamil. Oleh karenanya, darah ginjal juga harus hasilkan urine dengan volume yang semakin banyak.Disamping itu, hormon kehamilan dan bertambahnya ukuran kandungan sebagai factor pemicunya pertanda ibu hamil sehat ini.

4.Mudah lelah

Kelelahan menjadi satu diantara pertanda kehamilan sehat. Di trimester pertama kehamilan, hormon progesteron juga alami kenaikan. Ini mengakibatkan badan santai. Tetapi, karena santai, ibu juga condong berasa gampang capek dan mengantuk.Jika gampang capek dituruti dengan pertanda, seperti pucat, napas sesak, sakit di kepala, jantung berdebar-debar, sampai telapak kaki dan tangan berasa dingin, cermati tanda-tanda anemia saat hamil.

5. Nyeri payudara

Semenjak masuk awalnya kehamilan, payudara yang dirasa ngilu dan jadi membesar sebagai ciri-ciri kehamilan sehat.Karena, pada ibu hamil sehat, hormon estrogen dan progesteron juga bertambah. Ini mempengaruhi payudara.Disamping itu, saat hamil, badan juga menyiapkan menyusui. Oleh karenanya, kelenjar susu juga badan.Saluran darah juga bertambah. Peralihan juga kelihatan pada puting dan areola yang lebih menghitam.

6. Mood swing

Emosi yang tidak konstan ini dikuasai beragam jenis factor. Biasanya, terjadi karena peralihan hormon, depresi, sampai kecapekan. Ini berpengaruh pada neurotransmiter atau zat kimia dalam otak.Jika suasana hati swing terjadi lebih dari dua minggu, ini tak lagi memberikan indikasi kehamilan sehat. Karena itu, selekasnya jumpai psikiater dan psikolog. Emosi yang tidak teratasi beresiko kelahiran prematur sampai stres pascamelahirkan.

7. Gerakan janin terasa

Bila Anda dapat rasakan janin menyepak perut Anda, ini memiliki arti ibu hamil sehat. Karena, kehamilan sehat diikuti karena ada perubahan janin, seperti sepakan yang semakin kuat dan kerap.

The post Kehamilan Sehat: Ketahui 7 Ciri dan Cara Menjaganya appeared first on Aldri Blog.

Ryanair / Commission (Finnair I; Covid-19)
Aide d'État
La garantie de la Finlande en faveur de la compagnie aérienne Finnair visant à aider à obtenir, auprès d’un fonds de pension, un prêt de 600 millions d’euros destiné à couvrir ses besoins en fond de roulement à la suite de la pandémie de Covid-19 est conforme au droit de l’Union