Agrégateur de flux

Par un arrêt rendu le 21 septembre 2016, la grande chambre de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme (CEDH) raye une requête du rôle, estimant que la poursuite de celle-ci ne se justifie plus.

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Entreprise en difficulté

The Research Center for Transnational Commercial Dispute Resolution at EBS Law School will host a lecture on extraterritoriality in transnational regulation. Professor Dr. Hannah L. Buxbaum, John E. Schiller Chair in Legal Ethics, Maurer School of Law, Indiana University Bloomington, USA, will talk about the special problem of private enforcement in this context.

Background: In 2000, the European Community filed a lawsuit against RJR Nabisco (RJR) in U.S. federal court, alleging violations of the U.S. Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (RICO). In 2016, the litigation came to a close. The Supreme Court held that RICO does apply to certain forms of foreign conduct – however, it concluded that RICO’s private cause of action does not extend to claims based on injuries suffered outside the United States, and therefore denied the European Community any recovery. The effect of this decision, which builds on other recent decisions of the Court, is to constrain quite significantly the application of U.S. regulatory law in cross-border cases. 

The talk will explore the extraterritorial application of domestic regulatory law as a tool of transnational regulation. In particular, it will address the special challenges created when it is private plaintiffs, rather than state agencies, that seek to apply that law.

The Lecture will be held on 18 October 2016 at 6.30 p.m. in Lecture Room “Sydney” at EBS Law School in Wiesbaden. For further information see here.

We are looking forward to seeing you.

 

Thank you Cozen O’Connor for alerting me. California’s Senate Bill 1241 was signed into law at the end of September. It will apply to employment contracts entered into, modified, or extended on or after 1 January 2017.

The Bill will feature in a forthcoming article that I am co-authoring with Jutta Gangsted. I have not (yet) studied the preparatory work in detail however the Bill immediately calls for comparative analysis with the EU’s’ approach to this particular ‘protected category’: what is a labour (employment) contract; how does ‘primarily resides and works in California’ compare with ‘habitually carries out his work’ and ‘domicile’; when exactly is a contract ‘modified’ (on this see for the EU, Nikiforidis). The starting point of both the California and the EU rules is the same: employees cannot be considered to really consent to either choice of law or choice of court hence any clause doing same will be subject to mandatory limitations.

Geert.

Commission / Italie
Espace de liberté, sécurité et justice
En s’abstenant de garantir une indemnisation juste et appropriée aux victimes de toutes les infractions intentionnelles violentes commises dans des situations transfrontalières, l’Italie a manqué à ses obligations en vertu du droit de l’Union

On 8 September 2016, AG Bot delivered his opinion in case C-484/15, Ibrica Zulfikarpašić v Slaven Gajer. He concluded as follows.

(1)      The concept of ‘judgment’, within the meaning of Article 4(1) of Regulation (EC) No 805/2004 creating a European Enforcement Order for uncontested claims, must be interpreted as meaning that an enforcement title such as a writ of execution issued by a notary based on an authentic document constitutes a ‘judgment’ within the meaning of Article 4(1) of Regulation No 805/2004, provided that the notary with power to issue that writ adjudicates, in the exercise of that specific function, as a court, which requires him to offer guarantees as to his independence and impartiality and to decide on his own authority by a judgment which, first, was or may be subject to an exchange of arguments before being certified as a European Enforcement Order and, second, may be challenged before a judicial authority. It is for the referring court to determine whether notaries satisfy all of those conditions, particularly those relating to independence and impartiality.

(2)      Article 6(1) of Regulation No 805/2004 must be interpreted as meaning that notaries who satisfy the conditions laid down in order to be classified as a ‘court’ constitute the ‘court of origin’ within the meaning of Article 4(6) and Article 6(1) of that regulation and therefore have the power to certify as European Enforcement Orders the writs they issue which have become enforceable in the absence of opposition from the debtor.

L’avvocato generale Bot ha presentato l’8 settembre 2016 le sue conclusioni relative alla causa C-484/15, Ibrica Zulfikarpašić v Slaven Gajer. A suo avviso, la Corte dovrebbe statuire quanto segue.

(1)      La nozione di “decisione giudiziaria” ai sensi dell’articolo 4, punto 1, del regolamento n. 805/2004 che istituisce il titolo esecutivo europeo per i crediti non contestati, deve essere interpretata nel senso che un titolo esecutivo quale un mandato di esecuzione emesso da un notaio in base a un atto autentico costituisce una “decisione giudiziaria” a norma della menzionata disposizione se il notaio competente a rilasciare detto mandato statuisce in qualità di giudice nell’esercizio di tale specifica funzione, il che presuppone che egli offra garanzie di indipendenza e imparzialità e statuisca con poteri propri mediante una decisione che, da un lato, ha costituito o può costituire l’oggetto di una discussione in contraddittorio prima di essere certificata quale titolo esecutivo europeo e, dall’altro, può essere oggetto di ricorso dinanzi a un’autorità giudiziaria. Spetta al giudice del rinvio verificare se il notaio soddisfi tutte le suddette condizioni, in particolare quelle relative all’indipendenza e imparzialità.

(2)      L’articolo 6, par. 1, del regolamento n. 805/2004 deve essere interpretato nel senso che il notaio che soddisfi le condizioni per essere qualificato come “giudice” costituisce il “giudice di origine” ai sensi dell’articolo 4, punto 6, e dell’articolo 6, par. 1, di tale regolamento ed è, quindi, competente a certificare come titolo esecutivo europeo il mandato che ha rilasciato e reso esecutivo in mancanza di opposizione del debitore.

Le décret n° 2016-1338 du 7 octobre 2016 précise les modalités et conditions de fonctionnement du répertoire des données collectées dans le cadre d’une procédure judiciaire. Il entrera en vigueur le 1er mars 2018.

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The Interdisciplinary Association for Comparative and Private International Law (IACPIL) with support of the Faculty of Law at the University of Vienna is hosting a conference organized by Professor Dr Bea Verschraegen and Dr Florian Heindler on international banking transactions involving consumers.

The conference (in German language) will take place on 24 October 2016 in Vienna at the Vienna University, Faculty of Law.

Speakers are:

Professor Dr Peter Mankowski, University of Hamburg
Professor Dr Dietmar Czernich, Innsbruck
Professor Dr Georg Kodek, Vienna University of Economics and Business and Austrian Supreme Court
Private-Docent Dr Judith Schacherreiter, Vienna
Professor Dr Gerald Spindler, University of Göttingen
Dr Florian Heindler, Bregenz
Welcome address by Prof Dr Paul Oberhammer, University of Vienna
Moderation and conclusive remarks by Prof. Dr. Bea Verschraegen, University of Vienna, Prof Dr Verica Trstenjak, University of Vienna, Dr Konrad Koloseus, Vienna, Dr Heinz Löber, Vienna
The programme can be downloaded here.
For additional questions and registration, please contact Ms Sandra Muckenhuber.

Terrorisme

Estonia has recently joined the Rome III Regulation (EU) No. 1259/2010 on enhanced cooperation in the area of the law applicable to divorce and legal separation, increasing the number of participating Member States to seventeen. The Decision of the Commission of 10 August 2016 has been published in (2016) OJ L 216/13. Before, Lithuania and Greece had already joined the original fourteen participating Member States. Contrary to some dire forecasts made at the time when the Rome III Regulation was adopted, this instrument has turned out to be rather successful, being now in force in a clear majority of Member States. Rome III shall apply to Estonia from 11 February 2018. Article 3 of the said Council’s decision contains specific transitional provisions, in particular with regard to choice-of-law agreements.

The Italian Government has adopted, on 4 October 2016, the draft text of three decrees implementing Law No 76 of 20 May 2016, on registered partnerships. One of these decrees is specifically concerned with private international law. It will be finally adopted by the Government, once examined by the Committees for Justice of the Italian Senate and Chamber of Deputies. The text (in Italian) may be found here.

Il 4 ottobre 2016 il Consiglio dei Ministri ha approvato, in sede di esame preliminare, i decreti attuativi della legge 20 maggio 2016 n. 76, recante la regolamentazione delle unioni civili tra persone dello stesso sesso e disciplina delle convivenze. Con uno di questi decreti il Governo si appresta ad esercitare la delega contemplata al comma 28, lett. b), della legge, che prefigura la “modifica” e il “riordino” delle norme in materia di diritto internazionale privato riguardanti le unioni. Il testo del decreto, attualmente all’esame delle Commissioni Giustizia di Camera e Senato, è disponibile a questo indirizzo.

 

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Terrorisme

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The Academy of European Law (ERA) will host a conference on the changes which will be brought about by Brexit with regard to the UK’s status under the Brussels Ia, Rome I & Rome II Regulations and the impact of those changes on commercial dispute resolution in London during the transitional period and afterwards. The seminar is organized by Dr Angelika Fuchs (ERA) in cooperation with the Bar Council, the European Circuit and the Hamburgischer Anwaltverein. The event will take place on 10 November 2016 in London and will be followed by a reception.

Key topics will be:

• the fate of prorogation clauses in favour of English courts
• cross-border enforceability of judgments
• consequences for choice of law agreements
• the future of London as a legal hub

The full conference programme is available here.

The speakers are:

• Barbara Dohmann QC, Barrister, Blackstone Chambers, London
• Alexander Layton QC, Barrister, 20 Essex Street, London
• Matthias Lehmann, Professor at the University of Bonn
• Ravi Mehta, Barrister, Blackstone Chambers, London
• Hugh Mercer QC, Barrister, Essex Court Chambers, London
• Michael Patchett-Joyce, Barrister, Outer Temple Chambers, London

For further information, please see the conference website. Registration forms are available here.

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